By Natasha Crain
Regret.
It’s something I often hear from parents who are heartbroken that their teen or adult kids have walked away from Christianity.
Whether it’s through one of my online books read along groups, private emails, blog comments, Facebook messages, or at speaking events, when parents reach out to me about their kids walking away from faith, their words are laced with painful sadness and a sense that they in some way failed.
My kids are still young (ages 9 and 7), so I haven’t faced this myself, but I relate to these parents because I have so often experienced my own sense of parenting failure.
I haven’t shown enough patience, and I see them exhibiting their own impatience.
I haven’t given them enough conflict resolution skills, and I see them argue constantly.
I haven’t spent enough time showing them how to serve others, and I see them lacking perspective on how to live out their faith.
As a parent, there are so many I haven’ts. And there will always be, because none of us are perfect. We cannot flawlessly deliver all that our kids need. But there’s something about I haven’t that implies opportunity.
I haven’t implies I haven’t yet.
When our kids leave home, however, those I haven’ts will cement into regretful I didn’ts.
As Christian parents, there should be nothing more important to us than raising our kids to know and love Jesus. How could there be something more important if our kids’ relationship with Jesus has eternal implications? Yet we have to recognize that we don’t control whether or not our kids become Christ-followers. The heavy burden of I didn’ts that so often comes with a child’s rejection of faith must be tempered with grace and placed at the foot of the cross.
At the same time, parents with kids still at home can’t ignore the fact that there is much we can do to help our kids develop a lasting faith. We are called to actively disciple our kids (Deuteronomy 6)—not to sit back and see what happens. We should focus on what we can control and give the rest to God.
With that in mind, there are many regrets we can purposefully avoid. They are things that we largely have in our control and that we should be able to reasonably identify as responsibilities long before I didn’t becomes a reality. Here are five you don’t want to have if your kids walk away from faith. Unfortunately, they are five I hear from parents far too often.
- You didn’t give them a deep enough understanding of Christianity.
Research has shown time after time that at least 60 percent of kids who grew up in church walk away from their faith by their early 20s (here is an excellent summary of the studies). Don’t be jaded by the numbers—that is a crazy statistic.
Young people often turn away from Jesus, however, with a flawed understanding of the nature of truth, what Christianity even is, and what the Bible teaches.
They think that Christianity requires blind faith; that a person must choose between faith and science; that Christianity basically boils down to living with “good values”; that Christians think they’re better than others; that Christians aren’t loving if they declare something is sinful according to the Bible; and much more.
How sad to think that many turns away from what they think is Christianity, but is actually only a caricature of it based on layers of misunderstandings built from popular culture over time.
One of the most important things we can do as parents is to ensure our kids deeply understand what, exactly, Christianity is—and isn’t. This requires us to 1) study the Bible deeply with our kids and 2) be educated on how the world gets Christianity wrong so we can proactively correct those misunderstandings with our kids.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that they accurately understand what they’re rejecting.
- You didn’t expose them to the claims of skeptics.
A lot of parents are overwhelmed at the thought of helping their kids learn the case for Christianity and how to defend their faith against the seemingly ubiquitous challenges today.
Where do you start? Where do you end? How can you cover it all? How can kids ever really be sufficiently prepared? How can we even be prepared ourselves?
But here’s what you need to know: Helping your kids develop a faith that’s prepared for today’s challenges is not a nebulous, impossible task.
Skeptics make a predictable set of claims, so we have a pretty specific agenda we should be covering with our kids over time. Think of it like helping them study for a test. You might not be able to anticipate every conceivable question they’ll get, but you can make sure they know what major subject areas they’ll encounter and how to think through the most important questions in those areas. They’re not venturing out into a completely wild blue yonder. This test can be studied for.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because they were taken aback by shocking claims they hadn’t heard first from me.
- You didn’t make enough time for conversations about faith.
In their research for the book Sticky Faith, Kara Powell, and Chap Clark surveyed 11,000 church-going teenagers and asked how many of them talk with their parents about faith. They found that only 12% of kids talk regularly with their mom about faith and 5% with their dads.
What a devastating fact.
How can we help kids navigate the complexities of faith in a challenging world if we’re having zero or few conversations about it with them? Let’s be clear: This is completely in our control. It’s simply a matter of prioritizing the time needed and learning what conversations need to be had.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because I didn’t invest time consistently and continually in having meaningful and relevant spiritual conversations with them.
- You relied on the church to develop their spiritual life.
Being part of a fellowship with other believers is an important part of Christian life. But there’s no question that simply getting your kids to church each week is not enough to prepare them to be independent followers of Jesus—especially in a challenging world like this. Parents must accept responsibility as the primary spiritual influencer in the life of their child.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because I delegated the responsibility of spiritual discipleship to the church.
- You focused more on raising kids with “good values” than raising kids with Jesus.
This might be one of the mantras of this blog given how much I repeat it, but it’s so important, I need to say it over and over: good values are not the same as Christianity. None of us want to raise kids who are little terrors in the world. We want them to be pleasant people who generally exhibit what the Bible identifies as fruits of the Spirit—love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. It’s easy to forget, however, that those qualities are fruits of the Spirit, not fruits of how hard we try. They are the outcome of a Spirit-filled life: the fruit, not the root.
If we focus on raising kids who are simply “good people” (by whatever behavioral definition you want to assume), and not on raising kids who love Jesus as the root of the fruit, we’re just raising future secular humanists.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because they believed good values were pretty much the same as Christianity and eventually decided they didn’t Jesus.
If these points raise some I haven’ts for you, take a moment to consider right now what needs to change. Know that they don’t have to become I didn’ts. And rest in the peace of knowing you’re not responsible for your child’s ultimate decision to follow Jesus, but rather for being obedient to your calling as the primary spiritual influencer in your child’s life.
If you need a resource to help you with these points, you’ll find what you need in my latest book, Talking with your Kids about God. You’ll get equipped to help your kids understand Christianity more deeply; you’ll know specifically what claims skeptics make about God that you need to expose them to; you’ll learn how to have those conversations (every chapter has a step-by-step conversation guide); you’ll see what it means to take responsibility for their spiritual development rather than delegating to the church; and you’ll be prepared to teach why good values depend on the existence of God.
Natasha Crain is a blogger, author, and national speaker who is passionate about equipping Christian parents to raise their kids with an understanding of how to make a case for and defend their faith in an increasingly secular world. She is the author of two apologetics books for parents: Talking with Your Kids about God (2017) and Keeping Your Kids on God’s Side (2016). Natasha has an MBA in marketing and statistics from UCLA and a certificate in Christian apologetics from Biola University. A former marketing executive and adjunct professor, she lives in Southern California with her husband and three children.
Original Blog Source: http://bit.ly/2EvgtpF
How To Become a Better Apologetics Communicator
Theology and Christian ApologeticsTimothy Fox
So you want to be an apologetics writer or speaker. Or maybe you already are one. How can you be a better communicator? Here are five quick pointers:
No, I don’t mean profanity. I mean your vocabulary. If you’re like me, you’re immersed in the apologetics world. You read apologetics books, you listen to apologetics podcasts, you devour all things apologetics. So you’re used to the language, the ideas, the jargon. But your audience may not be. Find ways to communicate without using “insider” language. Always imagine what someone completely new to apologetics would think of your writing or talk. Have an “outsider” review your material (more on this later). And if you absolutely must use special apologetics vocabulary, be sure to carefully – and simply– define your terms.
Did you ever have a teacher who was a genius but terrible at teaching? It’s easy for apologists to fall into the same boat. Knowledge is not enough. Sincerity is not enough. If you want to be an effective Christian apologist, you must hone your craft. Read books or blogs on communication. Attend writing workshops or public speaking conferences. A book that has impacted my writing tremendously is On Writing Well by Howard Zinsser. If you’re a writer, buy a copy. Now. And make sure you proofread! Nothing will bring you from professional to amateur in a reader’s eyes faster than spelling and grammatical mistakes. Give your best in all you do. Hone your craft.
One of the best pieces of communication advice I’ve ever received is to make one point and make it well. Everything you say should strengthen or reinforce your one point. I’ve read many apologetics articles where I was halfway through and wondered “What was the point again?”
You may have an awesome quote or anecdote. But does it really strengthen your point? If not, remove it. You have an objection that kinda, sorta relates to your topic. Delete it. If you have more to say about a subject, write another article. Stay on target so your audience always knows exactly what your point is. Make one point and make it well.
I hate criticism. Hate it, hate it, hate it. But getting others’ feedback has improved my writing greatly. Have other people review your material and give their honest opinion. You need someone to tell you “this doesn’t make sense,” “your logic is faulty here,” or “this is worded poorly.” I have apologetics “insiders” check my argumentation and logic and I have “outsiders” make sure my content is understandable and readable. Both are important!
The rise of apologetics is a wonderful thing, showing that there is a place for logical types (such as myself!) within a Church that has been largely feelings-driven. However, we apologists run the risk of being too cold and rationalistic, turning into emotionless “apolo-bots.” But not everyone is like us. Some will never be argued into the kingdom of God through evidence and logic. They want to see that Christianity is good and beautiful, that it meets humanity’s greatest needs and desires.
Apologetics doesn’t need more syllogisms. It needs more stories! There’s a reason why C.S. Lewis and G.K. Chesterton have withstood the test of time. They engaged the imagination to bridge man’s reason and passions. If we apologists truly want to impact the culture, we need to reach both the head and the heart.
Conclusion
These are just some pointers on how to be a better apologetics communicator. It takes work, but stay at it. Keep it simple. Keep it clear. Hone your craft and get feedback. Target both the head and the heart of your audience.
For more advice on being a better apologist, check out Sean McDowell’s articles “Why Apologists Need to ‘Lower the Bar’” and “Why Apologetics Has a Bad Name.”
This article originally appeared at SeanMcDowell.org.
Original Blog Source: http://bit.ly/2Cf3FBb
The Omnipotence of God
CrossExaminedBy Tim Stratton
One of my primary goals is to help others comprehend God accurately. I have previously written about the attribute of God’s perfect love for all people (See The Omnibenevolence of God). I spend much time on this specific attribute because so many people (Christians and non-Christians) have a faulty and low view of God. While understanding God’s perfect love is vital, it is also of importance to grasp other truths about the Maximally Great Being! The next attribute of God that is vital to comprehend is called omnipotence. This is referring to the power of God. If you do not like the word “omnipotence,” you can simply say, God is “all powerful!”
What do we mean when we say that God is “all powerful”? Does this mean that God can do anything and everything?
Many people in the church today think that is the case, but they are wrong! In fact, it was not until just a few years ago that I realized that although God is omnipotent, this does not mean that God can do ALL things!
Allow me to clarify by offering some questions for you to consider: Can God create a married bachelor? Can God create a triangle with four corners? Can God create a stone that is so big that even He cannot lift it? Can God create something that is not contingent upon Him? Can God sin?
In Titus 1:2 the Bible indicates that God cannot lie.
What about this: Can God force someone to freely choose to love Him? Of course not — that is logically impossible!
So, if there are clearly things that God cannot do, then why do we say He is all-powerful or omnipotent? Let me give you a good definition of omnipotence:
God can do all things that are logically possible.
So, if a being can do all things that are logically possible, that would include many things that are scientifically impossible (these are different categories) – like creating a universe from nothing and raising a man from the dead. These are called miracles (See Are Miracles Metaphysically Impossible?)!
The Bible teaches that God is All-Mighty. It says,
“Oh, Lord God, it is you who made the heavens and the Earth by Your great power! Nothing is too hard for You” (Jeremiah 32:17).
The Bible is clear that “nothing is too hard for God.” But when you contemplate and study “triangles with four corners” and “married bachelors,” they are not really things at all. As William Lane Craig states, “they are nothing but an inconsistent combination of words.”
So, when thinking about it *that way*, then, God can do ALL things, but if it helps, just remember that God can do all things that are logically possible.
Do you know what is exciting about God’s omnipotence? If you have a personal love relationship with God then the omnipotence of God lives within you too! Think about that — this means you practically have super-powers! As my parents used to teach me:
“The same power that created the universe and raised Jesus from the dead is the same power that lives in you through the Holy Spirit! That is the ultimate Force.”
With God’s power working in you and through you, you can do “all things” that are logically possible too (Philippians 4:13)!
This passage of Philippians is often taken out of context (for a short and humorous example click here). However, the truth of my prior statement remains: If an omnipotent God chooses to use you — and you do not choose to resist His will — then God can use you to do all things that are logically possible.
It is important to realize that this is only in regards to the things that God wants you to accomplish. For example, you cannot choose to use God’s power to rob the bank, but if God desired you to walk on water or to simply love an unlovable neighbor then God’s power is available for you, and He wants you to choose to use it!
Stay reasonable (Isaiah 1:18).
Tim Stratton (The FreeThinking Theist) Tim pursued his undergraduate studies at the University of Nebraska-Kearney (B.A. 1997) and after working in full-time ministry for several years went on to attain his graduate degree from Biola University (M.A. 2014). Tim was recently accepted at North-West University to pursue his Ph.D. in systematic theology with a focus on metaphysics.
Original Blog Source: http://bit.ly/2BqLdsJ
Do God’s Commands Change?
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After several presentations in different universities across the U.S. Frank unpacks some of the most commonly asked questions by his audience during the Q&A section of his I Don’t Have Enough Faith to be an Atheist presentations. He also answers some questions from his live audience during the last segment of the show.
¿Quién escribió el libro de Apocalipsis?
EspañolPor Brian Chilton
Cuando era adolescente, recuerdo haber estado un poco asustado con el libro de Apocalipsis. El olor del limpiador facial para el acné llenó la habitación mientras me zambullía en misteriosas representaciones de ángeles de cuatro caras, bestias del mar y de la tierra, de enormes ángeles y granizo de 100 libras arrojados a la tierra. Mientras que Apocalipsis contiene imágenes misteriosas y atemorizantes de los tiempos del fin, el libro de Apocalipsis fue escrito para animar a los cristianos de todos los tiempos. Pero, ¿quién fue el que escribió la Palabra de Apocalipsis? Este artículo concluirá nuestra serie titulada “¿Quién escribió el Nuevo Testamento?” mientras investigamos al autor del libro de Apocalipsis.
Autor: La tradición ha sostenido durante mucho tiempo que el apóstol Juan, a quien hemos visto que escribió el Cuarto Evangelio y las tres cartas que se le atribuyen, escribió el último libro de las Escrituras. Si es así, Juan escribió gran parte del Nuevo Testamento, con solo Pablo y Lucas escribiendo más que él. Si bien hubo escépticos, incluso desde el principio, sobre la autoría del texto (muy probablemente debido a la naturaleza apocalíptica del libro), el consenso general fue que Juan el apóstol era el autor. Existen cuatro razones de por qué uno debería aceptar la autoría joánica de Apocalipsis.
1) El autor se identifica a sí mismo como “Juan” en Apocalipsis 1:4; 1:9; y 22:8. Esto no necesariamente indica que este Juan fue Juan el apóstol. Sabemos de un Juan Marcos, que escribió el Segundo Evangelio, y un posible Juan el Viejo (aunque es posible que Juan el apóstol también fuera conocido como Juan el Viejo en algunos casos, sin embargo, hay razones para creer que otro Juan podría haber vivido como líder de la iglesia, especialmente porque “Juan” era un nombre popular).
2) El autor del libro claramente tuvo una fuerte conexión con las siete iglesias de Asia Menor como se evidencia en Apocalipsis 2: 1-3: 22. La tradición dice que Juan el apóstol fue el pastor de las iglesias en Éfeso.
3) Las circunstancias del autor coinciden en gran medida con las de Juan el apóstol. Fuentes del segundo siglo indican que Juan fue exiliado a la Isla de Patmos. Ignacio (35-107 d.C.) escribe sobre hechos concluyentes particulares en que “¿Pedro fue crucificado; Pablo y Santiago fueron asesinados con la espada; Juan fue desterrado a Patmos; Esteban fue apedreado hasta la muerte por los judíos que mataron al Señor? Pero, [en verdad,] ninguno de estos sufrimientos fue en vano; porque el Señor realmente fue crucificado por los impíos”[1]. El exilio de Juan el apóstol concuerda con lo que encontramos del autor de Apocalipsis (1: 9).
4) A lo largo del texto, las imágenes del Antiguo Testamento indican que uno ha estado completamente inmerso en una educación y crianza hebrea. Juan el apóstol coincide con ese requisito.
5) El Diccionario de la Biblia Lexham discute un hallazgo llamado los Fragmentos de Harris. En consecuencia, estos fragmentos dan una mayor comprensión de los escritos de Policarpo (69-150 DC), un discípulo de Juan. Los fragmentos “ofrecen una visión única para reconciliar el martirio de Juan su larga vida y muerte natural reportadas en eso:
De lo que hemos reunido, Juan el apóstol es el candidato más claro para la autoría de Apocalipsis. Atribuyo a la mentalidad: “Si no está roto, no lo arregles”. Las tradiciones de larga data solo deberían revocarse si hay pruebas claras de lo contrario. No veo eso con la tradición de que Juan el apóstol fue autor del último libro de las Escrituras. Honestamente (como has visto si has leído todas mis entradas sobre este tema), no veo ninguna razón convincente para rechazar la autoría tradicional adscrita a cualquier libro del Nuevo Testamento canónico.
Fecha: Curiosamente, algunos eruditos están asignando una fecha a Apocalipsis antes de lo que se ha sostenido tradicionalmente debido a las imágenes completamente judías encontradas en el texto. Los que tienen una visión más antigua para la datación de Apocalipsis promueven los finales de los años 60 como el momento en que se escribió el libro. Sin embargo, la opinión de que el libro fue escrito más tarde en el primer siglo, muy probablemente a finales de los 80 o principios de los 90 tiene una mayor fuerza.
Propósito: Como se mencionó al principio del artículo, Apocalipsis no fue dada para asustarnos. Más bien, fue escrito para alentar a los creyentes de todos los tiempos a que, a pesar de los problemas enfrentados, Dios gana al final. El bien triunfará sobre el mal. Los poderes de la oscuridad serán confinados por los poderes de la luz. Apocalipsis nos dice mucho sobre Dios, Cristo, la humanidad, el pecado, la iglesia, los ángeles, así como a Satanás y sus fuerzas demoníacas.
El libro contiene una introducción (1:1-8); cartas dadas a las siete iglesias de Asia (2: 1-3:22); representaciones de lo que sucederá en los últimos tiempos por parte de tres septetos, siete sellos que conducen a siete trompetas que conducen a siete copas de ira, que en última instancia conducirán a un cielo nuevo y una tierra nueva (4: 1-22: 5); y una conclusión (22: 6-21).
¡Sea animado por Apocalipsis! Dios le dio a Juan el apóstol esta visión por una razón. Fue para hacernos saber que el creyente debe tener una perspectiva eterna entendiendo que Dios ha ganado, está ganando, y que va a ganar al final.
Para su disfrute auditivo, Gaither Vocal Band interpreta a “John the Revelator”.
Notas
[1] Pseudo-Ignacio de Antioquía, “La Epístola de Ignacio a los Tarsos, Capítulo III”, en Los Padres Apostólicos con Justino Mártir e Ireneo , ed.Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson y A. Cleveland Coxe , vol.1, Los Padres Ante-Nicenos (Buffalo, Nueva York: Christian Literature Company, 1885), 107.
[2] Tracee D. Hackel, “Juan el Apóstol, Temas críticos” ed.John D. Barry y otros, El diccionario de la Biblia Lexham (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2016).
Brian Chilton es el fundador de BellatorChristi.com y es el presentador de The Bellator Christi Podcast.Recibió su Maestría en Teología en la Universidad Theology from Liberty (sobresaliente); su Licenciatura en Ciencias en Estudios Religiosos y Filosofía de la Universidad Gardner-Webb (con honores); y recibió la certificación en Christian Apologetics de la Universidad de Biola .Brian es actualmente un estudiante del Ph.D. programa en Teología y apologética en Liberty University. Brian es miembro de pleno derecho de la Sociedad Internacional de Apologética Cristiana y la Alianza Cristiana de Apologética. Brian ha estado en el ministerio por más de 14 años y se desempeña como pastor de Huntsville Baptist Church en Yadkinville, Carolina del Norte.
Blog Original: http://bit.ly/2zaWZYj
Traducido por María Andreina Cerrada
Nancy Pearcey’s Love Thy Body and Integrating Truth about the Body
Legislating Morality, Culture & Politicsby Terrell Clemmons
Have you heard of intersectionality? Unless you’ve been hanging around the rarified halls of academia lately, this may be a new term for you.
Intersectionality theory was introduced by Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw in a 1989 paper with the unwieldy title, “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics.”
Ms. Crenshaw is an African American law professor who identifies as both a feminist theorist and critical race theorist. In political theory, feminism says laws need to change because men oppress women, while critical race theory says laws need to change because whites oppress blacks.
If you’re a black woman then, how do you balance the competing demands of anti-sexism and anti-racism? The question does present something of a quandary, and in the paper, Crenshaw introduced the concept of intersectionality, which effectively said the two concepts should remain independent and be seen as forces that interact with one another.
To be fair, I have not read the full paper, but what this seems to imply is, somewhere within the identity of women of color like her, there is – and should be – an intersect, a division, a point at which the two aspects of the self-collide.
The paper was published in 1989, roughly a decade before LGBT politics added four more identity categories based on sexuality. With these added identity categories, you can see how the intersections rapidly multiply. At what point, we might ask, does a cluster of multiplying intersections disintegrate into a chaotic, confused inner mess?
Welcome to the modern millennial mind.
Thoughtful Christians must learn how to navigate all of this, sorting out our culture’s manifold incoherencies with clarity and compassion. I don’t know of anyone doing a better job of helping us do that today than Nancy Pearcey, whose newest book, Love Thy Body: Answering Hard Questions about Life and Sexuality, shines a much-needed light on the most pressing category of confusing ideologies today, the sexual ones. Think of it as a training guide for comprehensive, clear thinking about the biological and sexual deconstructivist movements of our day – abortion, euthanasia, casual sex, homosexuality, and transgenderism.
“Every practice comes with a worldview attached to it,” she writes in the first chapter, “one that many of us might not find true or attractive if we were aware of it. Therefore it is important to become aware.”
Love Thy Body is about a lot more than just awareness, though it will give you that. Returning to the concept of intersectionality, you should be able to see how intersectionality fragments one’s own identity inwardly, and perspective on the world looking outward. By contrast, as Pearcey writes, the biblical view of the human person is wholly unifying. Grounded in our identity as human beings created by God, who made us, knows us, and loves us, This understanding of the human person leads to a wholistic integration of identity and personality. It fits who we really are.
Rather than shake our heads at the incoherence of a man being elected a city’s first female mayor or a man winning a women’s weightlifting title, Christians need to learn how to respond helpfully in order to engage with secular culture in terms it can relate to. In ancient times, ministers of the gospel traveled to foreign lands geographically. Today we may have to go where they are conceptually in order to offer them the gospel that sets people free. “In the wasteland,” Pearcey writes, “we can cultivate a garden.”
In a fragmented world where people are desperately in need of answers to hard questions about life and sexuality, Love Thy Body brings clarity, coherence, and integrity.
Love Thy Body is now available. Click here to order.
Original Blog Source: http://bit.ly/2BihL7V
Will There Only Be 144,000 People in Heaven?
Theology and Christian ApologeticsBy Brian G. Chilton
At our church, we recently began a new series of messages on heaven. After the service, I received a wonderful question from one of our members, Allison Mathews. Allison said that she had heard that only 144,000 people would be in heaven, and wondered if that was true. Some groups, especially among the Jehovah Witnesses, have espoused that only a select group of individuals (that is, 144,000) throughout all of history will be in heaven. Ironically, more than 144,000 Jehovah Witnesses attend Watchtower Bible studies worldwide, so someone is in trouble. While that is said tongue-in-cheek, the number of 144,000 has brought great interest to individuals wondering whom John is referencing, and how many people will be in heaven. This article will identify the 144,000 and discuss the number of people that one can expect to find in heaven as given in the book of Revelation.
Who are the 144,000?
The concept of the 144,000 comes from Revelation 7. John mentions the 144,000 after describing the Lamb of God (i.e., Jesus) opening up a scroll of which no one else is found worthy (Rev. 5:8-14). When the Lamb opens the seven seals of the scroll, a series of judgments come from the unsealing of the scroll, including the infamous Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (Rev. 6:1-8), a group of martyred souls awaiting their vengeance (Rev. 6:9-11), and a massive earthquake (Rev. 12:9-17).
After all these events have completed, four angels standing at the four corners of the earth (symbolically speaking), and the angels hold back the judgments until 144,000 are sealed on the earth. The 144,000 are identified in verse four as those “sealed from every tribe of the Israelites.”[1] There are two primary options for identifying this group.
Metaphorical: The number 12 is symbolic of God’s government (e.g., 12 tribes of Israel and 12 disciples). 12,000 x 12= 144,000. In this case, some hold that 144,000 symbolically represents the entire church, but would not hold a precise numerical value as to the number of individuals in heaven.
Literal: In this view, the 144,000 are redeemed Israelites who are saved during the time of global tribulation after the church has been resurrected. This view is the most plausible and relates best to the text at hand. Therefore, the 144,000 are Jewish individuals who are saved during the time of tribulation and not the number of all heavenly citizens.
How Many People Will Be in Heaven?
If the 144,000 is not a representation of the number of heavenly citizens, then how many people will be in heaven? Interestingly, the number of heavenly citizens is given in the verses following the description of the 144,000. John looks and sees a “vast multitude from every nation, tribe, people, and language, which no one could number, standing before the throne and before the Lamb. They were clothed in white robes with palm branches in their hands. And they cried out in a loud voice: Salvation belongs to our God, who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!” (Rev. 7:9-10).
So, how many people will be in heaven? Only God knows. It is a number greater than any person could count. The citizenship of heaven will include men and women who are white and black, Jews and Arabs, Americans and Russians, Iraqis and Iranians, North and South Americans, Africans and Asians, Europeans and Oceanians. Heavenly citizens will transcend from points across time itself! As Cordie Bridgewater poetically wrote in her classic hymn, “How beautiful heaven must be, sweet home of the happy and free; fair heaven of rest for the weary, how beautiful heaven must be.”[2]
Notes
[1] Unless otherwise noted, all quoted Scripture comes from the Christian Standard Bible (Nashville: Holman, 2017).
[2] Cordie Bridgewater, How Beautiful Heaven Must Be, https://hymnary.org/text/we_read_of_a_place_thats_called_heaven, retrieved January 22, 2018.
Brian G. Chilton is the founder of BellatorChristi.com and is the host of The Bellator Christi Podcast. He received his Master of Divinity in Theology from Liberty University (with high distinction); his Bachelor of Science in Religious Studies and Philosophy from Gardner-Webb University (with honors); and received certification in Christian Apologetics from Biola University. Brian is currently a student of the Ph.D. program in Theology and Apologetics at Liberty University. Brian is a full member of the International Society of Christian Apologetics and the Christian Apologetics Alliance. Brian has been in the ministry for over 14 years and serves as the pastor of Huntsville Baptist Church in Yadkinville, North Carolina.
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¿Quién escribió el libro de Judas?
EspañolPor Brian Chilton
En los últimos meses, hemos estado examinando a los autores y la información de los antecedentes para los libros del Nuevo Testamento. Para este artículo, examinaremos un pequeño libro hacia el final del Nuevo Testamento conocido como Judas. ¿Qué sabemos sobre este libro y quién lo compuso?
Autor: Judas abre el libro indicando que él es un “siervo de Jesucristo y un hermano de Santiago” (vs. 1)[1]. La búsqueda de la identidad de Judas está intrincadamente relacionada con la identidad de Santiago que figura como el hermano de Judas. Uno puede fácilmente eliminar a Santiago el hijo de Zebedeo porque fue martirizado temprano en la historia de la iglesia (Hechos 12:1-5). El único otro Santiago viable es el hermano de Jesús. Cuando las personas de Nazaret estaban interrogando a Jesús, le preguntaron: “¿No es este el carpintero, el hijo de María y el hermano de Santiago, José, Judas y Simón? ¿Y no están sus hermanas aquí con nosotros?” (Marcos 6:3).
Marcos 6:3 resalta algunos hechos. Primero, Santiago y Judas fueron los hermanos de Jesús. En segundo lugar, ambos eran conocidos por la iglesia. Si este es el caso, entonces es lógico pensar que Judas se identificaría a sí mismo como el hermano de Santiago, ya que Santiago era un líder influyente en la iglesia de Jerusalén. Por lo tanto, Judas, el hermano de Santiago y Jesús, es el candidato más viable para haber escrito este pequeño libro. Judas humildemente se designó a sí mismo solo como el hermano de Santiago y un siervo de Cristo en lugar de elevarse como el hermano de Jesús.
Fecha: Judas es un libro difícil de fechar. Ya que Judas trata con las falsas enseñanzas que habían entrado a la iglesia, uno pensaría que una fecha posterior sería más factible. Sin embargo, el libro no discute directamente el gnosticismo. Por lo tanto, muchos han postulado una fecha entre 65 y 80 d.C.
Propósito: Por la propia advertencia de Judas, él había deseado escribir una carta alentadora sobre la salvación común de los creyentes a los “amados por Dios el Padre y guardados para Jesucristo” (vs. 1). El amado de Dios se refiere a los destinatarios que probablemente fueron creyentes judíos de la época. Sin embargo, debido a las falsas enseñanzas que habían entrado a la iglesia, Judas se sintió obligado a escribir una carta “apelando [a ellos] para contender por la fe que fue entregada a los santos de una vez por todas” (vs. 3).
La carta de Judas es una carta polémica que advierte a los creyentes a que eviten a los falsos maestros. Después de dar el propósito de su carta en los versículos 1-4, Judas describe a los apóstatas del tiempo pasado y presente (vs. 5-11), la condenación de los apóstatas (vs. 12-19), entrega una exhortación (vs. 20 -23), antes de dar su bendición (vs. 24-25).
Conexión de Judas con 2 Pedro: Lo más exclusivo del libro de Judas es su vínculo con 2 Pedro. Gran parte del contenido de Judas coincide con el de 2da Pedro, incluida una cita del seudopigráfico libro 1era de Enoc (vs. 12-13) y una alusión al libro apócrifo La Asunción de Moisés. ¿Tomó prestado Judas de 2da de Pedro, pidió Pedro prestado de Judas, o ambos tomaron prestado de una fuente común?
Como se mostró previamente en el artículo “Quién escribió las cartas de Pedro”[2], Simón Pedro es un buen candidato para haber escrito 2da de Pedro. Si 2da de Pedro tomó prestado de Judas, entonces el libro habría sido demasiado tardío para haber sido escrito por Simón Pedro. Si Pedro es un buen candidato para la autoría de 2da Pedro, entonces Judas tomó prestado de Pedro o ambos tomaron prestado de una fuente común. Hay menos problemas que indican que Judas tomó prestado de 2da de Pedro o que ambos tomaron prestado de una fuente común. Es probable que debido a que Judas toma prestado mucho del Antiguo Testamento y la tradición judía, lo más probable es que haya tomado prestado de la segunda carta de Pedro, ya que fue recibida por la iglesia en su día.
Notas
[1] A menos que se indique lo contrario, todas las Escrituras citadas provienen de la Biblia Cristiana Estándar (Nashville: Holman, 2017).
[2] Brian Chilton, “¿Quién escribió las cartas de Pedro?”, Bellator Christi.com (23 de agosto de 2017), obtenido el 14 de septiembre de 2017, https://bellatorchristi.com/2017/08/23/who-wrote -the-letters-of-peter /.
Brian Chilton es el fundador de BellatorChristi.com y es el presentador de The Bellator Christi Podcast.Recibió su Maestría en Teología en la Universidad Theology from Liberty (sobresaliente); su Licenciatura en Ciencias en Estudios Religiosos y Filosofía de la Universidad Gardner-Webb (con honores); y recibió la certificación en Christian Apologetics de la Universidad de Biola .Brian está en el programa Ph.D. en Teología y apologética en la Universidad Liberty. Brian es miembro de pleno derecho de la Sociedad Internacional de Apologética Cristiana y la Alianza Cristiana de Apologética. Brian ha estado en el ministerio por más de 14 años y se desempeña como pastor de Huntsville Baptist Church en Yadkinville, Carolina del Norte.
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Traducido por María Andreina Cerrada
5 Regrets You Don’t Want to Have If Your Kids Walk Away from Faith
Apologetics for ParentsBy Natasha Crain
Regret.
It’s something I often hear from parents who are heartbroken that their teen or adult kids have walked away from Christianity.
Whether it’s through one of my online books read along groups, private emails, blog comments, Facebook messages, or at speaking events, when parents reach out to me about their kids walking away from faith, their words are laced with painful sadness and a sense that they in some way failed.
My kids are still young (ages 9 and 7), so I haven’t faced this myself, but I relate to these parents because I have so often experienced my own sense of parenting failure.
I haven’t shown enough patience, and I see them exhibiting their own impatience.
I haven’t given them enough conflict resolution skills, and I see them argue constantly.
I haven’t spent enough time showing them how to serve others, and I see them lacking perspective on how to live out their faith.
As a parent, there are so many I haven’ts. And there will always be, because none of us are perfect. We cannot flawlessly deliver all that our kids need. But there’s something about I haven’t that implies opportunity.
I haven’t implies I haven’t yet.
When our kids leave home, however, those I haven’ts will cement into regretful I didn’ts.
As Christian parents, there should be nothing more important to us than raising our kids to know and love Jesus. How could there be something more important if our kids’ relationship with Jesus has eternal implications? Yet we have to recognize that we don’t control whether or not our kids become Christ-followers. The heavy burden of I didn’ts that so often comes with a child’s rejection of faith must be tempered with grace and placed at the foot of the cross.
At the same time, parents with kids still at home can’t ignore the fact that there is much we can do to help our kids develop a lasting faith. We are called to actively disciple our kids (Deuteronomy 6)—not to sit back and see what happens. We should focus on what we can control and give the rest to God.
With that in mind, there are many regrets we can purposefully avoid. They are things that we largely have in our control and that we should be able to reasonably identify as responsibilities long before I didn’t becomes a reality. Here are five you don’t want to have if your kids walk away from faith. Unfortunately, they are five I hear from parents far too often.
Research has shown time after time that at least 60 percent of kids who grew up in church walk away from their faith by their early 20s (here is an excellent summary of the studies). Don’t be jaded by the numbers—that is a crazy statistic.
Young people often turn away from Jesus, however, with a flawed understanding of the nature of truth, what Christianity even is, and what the Bible teaches.
They think that Christianity requires blind faith; that a person must choose between faith and science; that Christianity basically boils down to living with “good values”; that Christians think they’re better than others; that Christians aren’t loving if they declare something is sinful according to the Bible; and much more.
How sad to think that many turns away from what they think is Christianity, but is actually only a caricature of it based on layers of misunderstandings built from popular culture over time.
One of the most important things we can do as parents is to ensure our kids deeply understand what, exactly, Christianity is—and isn’t. This requires us to 1) study the Bible deeply with our kids and 2) be educated on how the world gets Christianity wrong so we can proactively correct those misunderstandings with our kids.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that they accurately understand what they’re rejecting.
A lot of parents are overwhelmed at the thought of helping their kids learn the case for Christianity and how to defend their faith against the seemingly ubiquitous challenges today.
Where do you start? Where do you end? How can you cover it all? How can kids ever really be sufficiently prepared? How can we even be prepared ourselves?
But here’s what you need to know: Helping your kids develop a faith that’s prepared for today’s challenges is not a nebulous, impossible task.
Skeptics make a predictable set of claims, so we have a pretty specific agenda we should be covering with our kids over time. Think of it like helping them study for a test. You might not be able to anticipate every conceivable question they’ll get, but you can make sure they know what major subject areas they’ll encounter and how to think through the most important questions in those areas. They’re not venturing out into a completely wild blue yonder. This test can be studied for.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because they were taken aback by shocking claims they hadn’t heard first from me.
In their research for the book Sticky Faith, Kara Powell, and Chap Clark surveyed 11,000 church-going teenagers and asked how many of them talk with their parents about faith. They found that only 12% of kids talk regularly with their mom about faith and 5% with their dads.
What a devastating fact.
How can we help kids navigate the complexities of faith in a challenging world if we’re having zero or few conversations about it with them? Let’s be clear: This is completely in our control. It’s simply a matter of prioritizing the time needed and learning what conversations need to be had.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because I didn’t invest time consistently and continually in having meaningful and relevant spiritual conversations with them.
Being part of a fellowship with other believers is an important part of Christian life. But there’s no question that simply getting your kids to church each week is not enough to prepare them to be independent followers of Jesus—especially in a challenging world like this. Parents must accept responsibility as the primary spiritual influencer in the life of their child.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because I delegated the responsibility of spiritual discipleship to the church.
This might be one of the mantras of this blog given how much I repeat it, but it’s so important, I need to say it over and over: good values are not the same as Christianity. None of us want to raise kids who are little terrors in the world. We want them to be pleasant people who generally exhibit what the Bible identifies as fruits of the Spirit—love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. It’s easy to forget, however, that those qualities are fruits of the Spirit, not fruits of how hard we try. They are the outcome of a Spirit-filled life: the fruit, not the root.
If we focus on raising kids who are simply “good people” (by whatever behavioral definition you want to assume), and not on raising kids who love Jesus as the root of the fruit, we’re just raising future secular humanists.
If my kids reject their faith, I want to know that it’s not because they believed good values were pretty much the same as Christianity and eventually decided they didn’t Jesus.
If these points raise some I haven’ts for you, take a moment to consider right now what needs to change. Know that they don’t have to become I didn’ts. And rest in the peace of knowing you’re not responsible for your child’s ultimate decision to follow Jesus, but rather for being obedient to your calling as the primary spiritual influencer in your child’s life.
If you need a resource to help you with these points, you’ll find what you need in my latest book, Talking with your Kids about God. You’ll get equipped to help your kids understand Christianity more deeply; you’ll know specifically what claims skeptics make about God that you need to expose them to; you’ll learn how to have those conversations (every chapter has a step-by-step conversation guide); you’ll see what it means to take responsibility for their spiritual development rather than delegating to the church; and you’ll be prepared to teach why good values depend on the existence of God.
Natasha Crain is a blogger, author, and national speaker who is passionate about equipping Christian parents to raise their kids with an understanding of how to make a case for and defend their faith in an increasingly secular world. She is the author of two apologetics books for parents: Talking with Your Kids about God (2017) and Keeping Your Kids on God’s Side (2016). Natasha has an MBA in marketing and statistics from UCLA and a certificate in Christian apologetics from Biola University. A former marketing executive and adjunct professor, she lives in Southern California with her husband and three children.
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Can Science Explain Morality? No!
Philosophy of Science, Theology and Christian ApologeticsBy Sean McDowell
Human beings have a universal belief in right and wrong. As C.S. Lewis has observed, moral codes from cultures throughout world history vary over what specific behavior they consider moral, but there is an underlying agreement that objective moral values and duties exists.
As my father and I state in the introduction of the updated Evidence that Demands a Verdict, any adequate worldview must be able to explain this feature of reality.
Science and Morality
In his book The Moral Landscape, atheist Sam Harris claims science can provide a basis for objective morality. But in his recent book Stealing from God, my friend Frank Turek has written a piercing response:
“Science might be able to tell you if an action may hurt someone—like giving a man cyanide will kill him—but science can’t tell you whether or not you ought to hurt someone. Who said it’s wrong to hurt people? Sam Harris? Is his nature the standard of good?”[1]
In other words, science is a descriptive discipline, but morality is a prescriptive discipline. Science can describe how things work, but it can never tell us how we ought to behave.
Another popular explanation for morality is evolution.
Evolution and Morality
A few years ago, I participated in a public debate on the question of God and morality. My opponent argued that evolution explains morality better than God. But this explanation also fails too. Frank Beckwith and Greg Koukl offer two reasons:
First, evolution doesn’t explain what it’s meant to explain. It can only account for preprogrammed behavior, not moral choices. Moral choices, by their nature, are made by free agents. They are not determined by internal mechanics. Second, the Darwinist explanation reduces morality to mere descriptions of behavior. The morality that evolution needs to account for, however, entails much more than conduct. Minimally, it involves motive and intent as well. Both are nonphysical elements that can’t, even in principle, evolve in a Darwinian sense. Further, this assessment of morality, being descriptive only, ignores the most important moral question of all: Why should I be moral tomorrow? Evolution cannot answer that question. Morality dictates what future behavior ought to be. Darwinism can only attempt to describe why humans acted in a certain way in the past.[2]
Science and evolution simply cannot adequately explain the origin of right and wrong. They are both incapable of offering a robust account for why humans have moral obligations.
And yet theism offers a much more natural explanation. Think about it: Valuable human beings don’t come from purposeless, random processes in nature. Rather, they come from a personal, good God. God Himself is the source for right and wrong, and we ought to follow His guidance because He is the one who created us.
Even those who don’t believe in God, still believe in objective morality, because the moral law is written on their hearts (See Romans 2:14-16). Belief in objective morality is ultimately inescapable.
Science can explain many things. But it will never be able to adequately account for morality. To explain real right and wrong we need a source beyond human efforts – namely, God.
Reference:
[1] Frank Turek, Stealing from God (Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress, 2014), 100.
[2] Greg Koukl and Francis Beckwith, Relativism: Feet Firmly Planted in Mid-Air (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1998), 164.
Sean McDowell, Ph.D. is a professor of Christian Apologetics at Biola University, best-selling author, popular speaker, part-time high school teacher, and the Resident Scholar for Summit Ministries, California. Follow him on Twitter: @sean_mcdowell and his blog: seanmcdowell.org.
Book Review: Welcome to College
Theology and Christian ApologeticsBy Luke Nix.
Introduction
With today’s culture ever-increasingly becoming hostile to the Christian worldview, it is vitally important that we prepare our children for the challenges they will encounter to what they believe. Jonathan Morrow wrote a book several years ago that focuses specifically on a Christian’s journey through college. He recently updated this volume with the latest popular challenges that a Christ-follower will likely encounter on campus. “Welcome to College: A Christ-Follower’s Guide for the Journey” is 350 pages in length, but those are divided into 43 short chapters that are easily read in very short sessions. Because of the number of chapters and their short length, this review will not follow the usual chapter-by-chapter summary format of my other reviews (I don’t want to give away the whole book). Rather I will focus on several of the key points made throughout the book that I found particularly important, then I will conclude with my thoughts of the book (you will not want to skip them).
Book Introduction
Morrow begins by congratulating the student on their tackling of a whole new world. He encourages them to enthusiastically dive into their studies and use the most of their time to learn and build relationships. He cautions though that it is important to realize that ideas and worldviews, particularly the Christian worldview, will be challenged and even opposed, so it is important to know what they believe and why they believe it.
From there Morrow spends the next ten chapters discussing the fact that everyone has a worldview, the importance of following evidence where it leads regarding the truth of a worldview, what faith truly is, how we can know things to be true and the distinction between knowing your faith to be true and showing it to be true. In discussing these, he sets up the student to critically evaluate claims made, evidence provided, and address basic challenges to one’s even making a claim to know anything.
Intellectual Challenges in College
Intellectual challenges to the Christian worldview abound in college. Everyone from the professors to the students will present their own reasons for rejecting Christianity. These reasons range from the amount of evil in the world to the supposed scientific inaccuracies in the Bible, to the idea that Jesus was either a copy-cat myth or that there are so many versions of Jesus/Christianity that it is impossible to know which one is true. The historicity of the Resurrection and the reliability of the Gospels will be constantly under attack. Morrow takes each of these issues and presents the cherry-picked facts that seem to ground these objections. He dives into the philosophical foundations of science and the facts of history surrounding the historical Jesus (his life, death, and Resurrection). Along with the highly selected evidence, he also presents the rest of the evidence that, not only explains those few facts that seem to justify skepticism but the rest of the evidence that demonstrates that the skeptical conclusions are not only ultimately unfounded but actually provide powerful support for the truth of Christian claims.
Doubt in College
Doubt is a powerful tool against the Christian entering college. Whether that doubt is intellectual or emotional, from professors or friends, it can wreak havoc on a student’s faith. However, doubt is not incompatible with the Christian life. The idea that Christians are not allowed to doubt is a myth perpetuated by a secular culture in an effort to finally sever the Christian from his beliefs. Morrow explains this important truth: it is okay for the Christian to doubt; doubt often leads to further investigation into the evidence, and further investigation into the evidence will demonstrate a more solid ground for our Christian beliefs. While investigation takes place, the doubt will also cause the student to need to rely personally on God more through prayer and a humble and thankful attitude. These are necessary to connect the head to the heart when doubt is present in college.
Practical and Cultural Challenges in College
About halfway through the book, Morrow shifts from more intellectual challenges to practical challenges. He offers advice covering everything from the overwhelming school work requirements to budgeting issues to dating. He explains how a Christian’s worldview can inform how to deal with these challenges in a successful way. For many Christian students just entering college, they in for many shocks. I’ve covered only a few of the intellectual and practical ones that he addresses, but he also takes a considerable amount of the book to discuss cultural differences and the unique challenges and pressures that will be encountered. Once again, Morrow uses the Christian worldview to help inform the student on how to respond to the pressures of the newly discovered independence from mom and dad. Cultural views of sex (including gender and same-sex relationships), alcohol consumption, the value of human beings, and the purpose of individuals legislating morality, abortion, and technology use and addiction are discussed. Morrow explains not only how the Christian worldview informs these decisions but how the student can articulate his or her decisions and defend them in the most respectful and graceful ways. Throughout this part of the book (and the previous part), Morrow constantly reminds the student that they are called by God for a purpose, and they need to focus on and make their decisions based upon that purpose.
Reviewer’s Thoughts
This book is one resource that I wish I had before I began my journey. Because of circumstances that were happening in my life during my transition from high-school (homeschool) to college, I was already in an intellectual and emotional crisis of faith. While I had been informed of some of the challenges that college would present, I was not given as much instruction or preparation to deal with them as I wished that I had. This book is one of my most highly recommended books for those who look forward to attending college. Parents, take note: Because of the fact that it covers intellectual, emotional, practical, spiritual, and cultural challenges students will face in college, “Welcome To College: A Christ-Follower’s Guide for the Journey” is one of the most important books that your college-bound teen can read. The way that Morrow laid out the book, with its bite-sized yet in-depth chapters and the “Big Ideas” sections at the end of each chapter, he makes it extremely easy for teens to comprehend the content and for parents to engage the material and help train their children for the challenges that lie ahead. College is a whole new world for our kids, and we need to train them and prepare them with the resources that God has given us; if you have made it this far through this review, it is safe to consider that Morrow’s book is now one of the resources God has provided you. Take this opportunity, pray for guidance, and equip your child for the journey that God is preparing to take them on.
Notes
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